All photographs were taken in the recording area and some are of an exceptionally high standard. The emphasis is not just on quality, however, but to record variation in plumages and to provide a way for newcomers to familiarise themselves with the birds of Christchurch Harbour.

Swans, Geese & Shelducks

• Mute Swan – Cygnus olor
• Whooper Swan – Cygnus cygnus
• Brent Goose (Brant Goose) – Branta bernicla
• Pale-bellied Brent Goose – Branta bernicla hrota
• Red-breasted Goose – Branta ruficollis
• Canada Goose – Branta canadensis
• Barnacle Goose – Branta leucopsis
• Greylag Goose – Anser anser
• White-fronted Goose (Greater White-fronted Goose) – Anser albifrons
• Tundra Bean Goose – Anser serrirostris
• Egyptian Goose – Alopochen aegyptiaca
• Shelduck (Common Shelduck) – Tadorna tadorna

Diving Ducks

• Long-tailed Duck – Clangula hyemalis
• Eider (Common Eider) – Somateria mollissima
• Common Scoter – Melanitta nigra
• Velvet Scoter – Melanitta fusca
• Goldeneye (Common Goldeneye) – Bucephala clangula
• Red-breasted Merganser – Mergus serrator
• Goosander (Common Merganser) – Mergus merganser
• Red-crested Pochard – Netta rufina
• Pochard (Common Pochard) – Aythya ferina
• Ring-necked Duck – Aythya collaris
• Tufted Duck – Aythya fuligula
• Scaup (Greater Scaup) – Aythya marila

Dabbling Ducks

• Mandarin Duck – Aix galericulata
• Garganey – Spatula querquedula
• Blue-winged Teal – Spatula discors
• Shoveler (Northern Shoveler) – Spatula clypeata
• Gadwall – Mareca strepera
• Wigeon (Eurasian Wigeon) – Mareca penelope
• American Wigeon – Mareca americana
• Mallard – Anas platyrhynchos
• Pintail (Northern Pintail) – Anas acuta
• Teal (Green-winged Teal) – Anas crecca
• ‘American’ Green-winged Teal – Anas crecca carolinensis

Partridges & Pheasants

• Pheasant (Common Pheasant) – Phasianus colchicus
• Red-legged Partridge – Alectoris rufa

Grebes

• Little Grebe – Tachybaptus ruficollis
• Slavonian Grebe (Horned Grebe) – Podiceps auritus
• Red-necked Grebe – Podiceps grisegena
• Great Crested Grebe – Podiceps cristatus
• Black-necked Grebe – Podiceps nigricollis

Cuckoos

• Cuckoo (Common Cuckoo) – Cuculus eanorus

Doves & Pigeons

• Turtle Dove (European Turtle Dove) – Streptopelia turtur
• Collared Dove (Eurasian Collared Dove) – Streptopelia decaocto
• Woodpigeon (Common Wood Pigeon) – Columba palumbus
• Stock Dove – Columba oenas

Cranes

• Crane (Common Crane) – Grus grus

Rails, Crakes & Coots

• Water Rail – Rallus aquaticus
• Spotted Crake – Porzana porzana
• Moorhen (Common Moorhen) – Gallinula chloropus
• Coot (Eurasian Coot) – Fulica atra
• Little Crake – Zaporina parva

Waders

• Stone-curlew (Eurasian Stone-curlew) – Burhinus oedicnemus
• Avocet (Pied Avocet) – Recurvirostra avosetta
• Black-winged Stilt – Himantopus himantopus
• Oystercatcher (Eurasian Oystercatcher) – Haematopus ostralegus
• Grey Plover – Pluavialis squatarola
• Golden Plover (European Golden Plover) – Pluvialis apricaria
• Pacific Golden Plover – Pluvialis fulva
• Ringed Plover (Common Ringed Plover) – Charadrius hiaticula
• ‘Tundra’ Ringed Plover – Charadrius hiaticula tundrae
• Little Ringed Plover – Thinornis dubius
• Lapwing (Northern Lapwing) – Vanellus vanellus
• Kentish Plover – Anarhynchus alexandrinus
• Whimbrel (Eurasian Whimbrel) – Numenius phaeopus
• Curlew (Eurasian Curlew) – Numenius arquata
• Bar-tailed Godwit – Limosa lapponica
• Black-tailed Godwit – Limosa limosa
• Jack Snipe – Lymnocryptes minimus
• Woodcock (Eurasian Woodcock) – Scolopax rusticola
• Snipe (Common Snipe) – Gallinago gallinago
• Terek Sandpiper – Xenus cinereus
• Common Sandpiper – Actitis hypoleucos
• Spotted Sandpiper – Actitis macularius
• Wilson’s Phalarope – Phalarpous tricolor
• Grey Phalarope (Red Phalarope) – Phalaropus fulicarius
• Red-necked Phalarope – Phalaropus lobatus
• Green Sandpiper – Tringa ochropus
• Marsh Sandpiper – Tringa stagnatilis
• Wood Sandpiper – Tringa glareola
• Redshank (Common Redshank) – Tringa totanus
• Lesser Yellowlegs – Tringa flavipes
• Spotted Redshank – Tringa erythropus
• Greenshank (Common Greenshank) – Tringa nebularia
• Turnstone (Ruddy Turnstone) – Arenaria interpres
• Knot (Red Knot) – Calidris canutus
• Ruff – Calidris pugnax
• Curlew Sandpiper – Calidris ferruginea
• Stilt Sandpiper – Calidris himantopus
• Buff-breasted Sandpiper – Calidris subruficollis
• Sanderling – Calidris alba
• Dunlin – Calidris alpina
• Purple Sandpiper – Calidris maritima
• Baird’s Sandpiper – Calidris bairdii
• Pectoral Sandpiper – Calidris melanotos
• Little Stint – Calidris minuta

Skuas

• Arctic Skua – Stercorarius parasiticus
• Long-tailed Skua (Long-tailed Jaeger) – Stercorarius longicaudus
• Pomarine Skua (Pomarine Jaeger) – Stercorarius pomarinus
• Great Skua – Stercorarius skua

Auks

• Razorbill – Alca torda
• Little Auk – Alle alle 
• Guillemot (Common Murre) – Uria aalge

Terns

• Little Tern – Sterna albifrons
• Caspian Tern – Hydroprogne caspia
• White-winged Black Tern (White-winged Tern) – Chilidonias leucopterus
• Black Tern – Chilidonias niger
• Sandwich Tern – Thalasseus sandvicensis
• Elegant Tern – Thalasseus elegans
• Forster’s Tern – Sterna forsteri
• Arctic Tern – Sterna paradisaea
• Common Tern – Sterna hirundo
• Roseate Tern – Sterna dougallii

Gulls

• Little Gull – Hydrocoloeus minutus
• Ross’s Gull – Rhodostethia rosea
• Kittiwake (Black-legged Kittiwake) – Rissa tridactyla
• Sabine’s Gull – Xema sabini
• Black-headed Gull – Chroicocephalus ridibundus
• Franklin’s Gull – Leucophaeus pipixcan
• Mediterranean Gull – Ichthyaetus melanocephalus
• Ring-billed Gull – Larus delawarensis
• Common Gull – Larus canus
• Caspian Gull – Larus cachinnans
• Herring Gull (European Herring Gull) – Larus argentatus
• Yellow-legged Gull – Larus michahellis
• Great Black-backed Gull – Larus marinus
• Glaucous Gull – Larus hyperboreus
• Lesser Black-backed Gull – Larus fuscus
• Iceland Gull – Larus glaucoides

Divers

• Red-throated Diver (Red-throated Loon) – Gavia stellata
• Great Northern Diver (Common Loon) – Gavia immer
• Black-throated Diver (Black-throated Loon) – Gavia arctica

Petrels & Shearwaters

• Storm Petrel (European Storm Petrel) – Hydrobates pelagicus
• Leach’s Petrel (Leach’s Storm Petrel) – Hydrobates leucorhous
• Fulmar (Northern Fulmar) – Fulmarus glacialis
• Cory’s Shearwater – Calonectris borealis
• Manx Shearwater – Puffinus puffinus
• ‘Balearic’ Mediterranean Shearwater – Puffinus yelkouan mauretanicus

Storks

• White Stork – Ciconia ciconia

Gannets

• Gannet (Northern Gannet) – Morus bassanus

Cormorants

• Shag (European Shag) – Gulosus aristotelis
• Cormorant (Great Cormorant) – Phalacrocorax carbo

Ibises, Spoonbills & Herons

• Glossy Ibis – Plegadis falcinellus
• Spoonbill (Eurasian Spoonbill) – Platalea leucorodia
• Bittern (Eurasian Bittern) – Botaurus stellaris
• Little Egret – Egret garzetta
• Great White Egret (Great Egret) – Ardea alba
• Cattle Egret (Western Cattle Egret) – Ardea ibis
• Purple Heron – Ardea purpurea
• Grey Heron – Ardea cinerea

Swifts

• Alpine Swift – Tachymarptis melba
• Swift (Common Swift) – Apus apus
• Pallid Swift – Apus pallidis

Owls

• Barn Owl (Western Barn Owl) – Tyto alba
• Little Owl – Athene noctua
• Short-eared Owl – Asio flammeus
• Long-eared Owl – Asio otus
• Tawny Owl – Strix aluco

Osprey, Honey Buzzard & Eagles

• Osprey – Pandion haliaetus
• Honey-buzzard (European Honey Buzzard) – Pernis apivorus
• Short-toed Eagle (Short-toed Snake Eagle) – Circaetus gallicus
• White-tailed Eagle – Haliaeetus albicilla

Hawks

• Sparrowhawk (Eurasian Sparrowhawk) – Accipiter nisus
• Goshawk (Eurasian Goshawk) – Astur gentilis

Harriers

• Hen Harrier – Circus cyaneus
• Montagu’s Harrier – Circus pygargus
• Marsh Harrier (Western Marsh Harrier) – Circus aeruginosus

Kites

• Red Kite – Milvus milvus

Buzzards

• Buzzard (Common Buzzard) – Buteo buteo

Kingfishers

• Kingfisher (Common Kingfisher) – Alcedo atthis

Woodpeckers

• Wryneck (Eurasian Wryneck) – Jynx torquilla
• Green Woodpecker (European Green Woodpecker) – Picus viridis
• Great Spotted Woodpecker – Dendrocopus major

Falcons

• Kestrel (Common Kestrel) – Falco tinnunculus
• Red-footed Falcon – Falco vespertinus
• Merlin – Falco columbarius
• Hobby (Eurasian Hobby) – Falco subbuteo
• Peregrine (Peregrine Falcon) – Falco peregrinus

Shrikes

• Great Grey Shrike – Lanius excubitor
• Woodchat Shrike – Lanius senator
• Isabelline Shrike – Lanius isabellinus
• Red-backed Shrike – Lanius collurio

Crows

• Jay (Eurasian Jay) – Garrulus glandarius
• Magpie (Eurasian Magpie) – Pica pica
• Jackdaw (Western Jackdaw) – Coloeus monedula
• Rook – Corvus frugilegus
• Raven (Northern Raven) – Corvus corax
• Carrion Crow – Corvus corone
• ‘Hooded’ Carrion Crow – Corvus corone cornix

Tits

• Blue Tit (Eurasian Blue Tit) – Cyanistes caeruleus
• Great Tit – Parus major
• Coat Tit – Periparus ater
• Marsh Tit – Poecile palustris
• Bearded Tit (Bearded Reedling) – Panurus biarmicus
• Long-tailed Tit – Aegithalos caudatus

Larks

• Woodlark – Lullula arborea
• Skylark (Eurasian Skylark) – Alauda arvensis
• Shore Lark (Horned Lark) – Eremophila alpestris

Cisticolas

• Zitting Cisticola – Cisticola juncidis

Reed Warblers & Allies

• Sedge Warbler – Acrocephalus schoenobaenus
• Aquatic Warbler – Acrocephalus paludicola
• Reed Warbler (Common Reed Warbler) – Acrocephalus scirpaceus
• Great Reed Warbler – Acrocephalus arundinaceus

Grasshopper Warblers & Allies

• Grasshopper Warbler (Common Grasshopper Warbler) – Locustella naevia

Martins & Swallows

• Sand Martin – Riparia riparia
• Swallow (Barn Swallow) – Hirundo rustica
• House Martin (Western House Martin) – Delichon urbicum
• Red-rumped Swallow (European Red-rumped Swallow)  – Cecropis rufula

Cettia Bush Warblers

• Cetti’s Warbler – Cettia cetti

Leaf Warblers

• Wood Warbler – Phylloscopus sibilatrix
• Yellow-browed Warbler – Phylloscopus inornatus
• Pallas’s Warbler (Pallas’s Leaf Warbler) – Phylloscopus proregulus
• Willow Warbler – Phylloscopus trochilus
• Chiffchaff (Common Chiffchaff) – Phylloscopus collybita
• ‘Siberian’ Common Chiffchaff – Phylloscopus collybita tristis
• Greenish Warbler – Phylloscopus trochiloides

Sylviid Warblers

• Garden Warbler – Sylvia borin
• Blackcap (Eurasian Blackcap) – Sylvia atricapilla
• Barred Warbler – Curruca nisoria
• Lesser Whitethroat – Curruca curruca
• Whitethroat (Common Whitethroat) – Curruca communis
• Dartford Warbler – Curruca undata
• Western Subalpine Warbler – Curruca iberiae

Waxwings

• Waxwing (Bohemian Waxwing) – Bombycilla garrulus

Crests

• Firecrest (Common Firecrest) – Regulus ignicapilla
• Goldcrest – Regulus regulus

Nuthatches & Treecreepers

• Nuthatch (Eurasian Nuthatch) – Sitta europaea
• Treecreeper (Eurasian Treecreeper) – Certhia familiaris

Wrens

• Wren (Eurasian Wren) – Troglodytes troglodytes

Starlings

• Starling (Common Starling) – Sturnus vulgaris
• Rose-coloured Starling (Rosy Starling) – Pastor roseus

Thrushes

• Song Thrush – Turdus philomelus
• Redwing – Turdus iliacus
• Blackbird (Common Blackbird) – Turdus merula
• Fieldfare – Turdus pilaris
• Ring Ouzel – Turdus torquatus

Flycatchers & Robin

• Spotted Flycatcher – Muscicapa striata
• Robin (European Robin) – Erithacus rubecula
• Pied Flycatcher (European Pied Flycatcher) – Ficedula hypoleuca

Chats

• Black Redstart – Phoenicurus ochruros
• Redstart (Common Redstart) – Phoenicurus phoenicurus
• Whinchat – Saxicola ruberta
• Stonechat (European Stonechat) – Saxicola rubicola

Wheatears

• Wheatear (Northern Wheatear) – Oenanthe oenanthe

Accentors

• Dunnock – Prunella modularis

Sparrows

• House Sparrow – Passer domesticus

Wagtails

• Grey Wagtail – Motacilla cinerea
• Yellow Wagtail (Western Yellow Wagtail) – Motacilla flava flavissima
• Blue-headed Wagtail (Western Yellow Wagtail) – Motacilla flava flava 
• White Wagtail – Motacilla alba alba
• ‘British Pied’ White Wagtail – Motacilla alba yarrellii

Pipits

• Tawny Pipit – Anthus campestris
• Richard’s Pipit – Anthrus richardi
• Tree Pipit – Anthus trivialis
• Meadow Pipit – Anthus pratensis
• Rock Pipit (European Rock Pipit) – Anthus petrosus
• ‘Scandinavian’ Rock Pipit – Anthus petrosus littoralis
• Water Pipit – Anthus spinoletta

Finches & Crossbills

• Brambling – Fringilla montifringilla
• Chaffinch (Eurasian Chaffinch) – Fringilla coelebs
• Bullfinch (Eurasian Bullfinch) – Pyrrhula pyrrhula
• Greenfinch (European Greenfinch) – Chloris chloris
• Linnet (Common Linnet) – Linaria cannabina
• ‘Lesser’ Redpoll – Acanthis flammea cabaret
• Crossbill (Red Crossbill) – Loxia curvirostra
• Goldfinch (European Goldfinch) – Carduelis carduelis
• Serin (European Serin) – Serinus serinus
• Siskin (Eurasian Siskin) – Spinus spinus

Buntings

• Snow Bunting – Plectrophenax nivalis
• Lapland Bunting (Lapland Longspur) – Calcarius lapponicus
• Reed Bunting (Common Reed Bunting) – Emberiza schoeniclus
• Yellowhammer – Emberiza citrinella

North American Passerines

• Bobolink – Dolichonyx oryzivorus
• Northern Parula – Setophaga americana